Depression Among Elderly Women in Rural Mandya, Karnataka: A Cross Sectional Study

Background: Depression is characterized by persistent sadness and lack of interest or pleasure in enjoyable activities and disturbed sleep and appetite. Women suffer from depression the most, as the hurdles faced by Indian women include lack of awareness, stigma, disadvantaged position of women, multiple roles, increased levels of stress, and domestic violence.This study is to determine the prevalence of depression among elderly women and to determine the factors affecting it. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 783 elderly women (aged 60 years or more), residing in rural Mandya (South Karnataka) by interviewing them using a semi-structured proforma. Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15) was used to assess depression. Mean, standarddeviation and proportion were used for descriptive statistics. Chi square test was used to de-termine association of risk factors. Results: The prevalence of depression was found to be 31.6%. The major factors affecting depression were increasing age, illness and loneliness. Conclusions: The prevalence of depression in the elderly women was high (31.6%). By identifying risk fac-tors for depression among the elderly population and screening them on time, we can reduce the severity and burden of the disease to a greater extent.

Value of monitoring serum t-PINP/β-CTX ratio and 25 (OH) D levels in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis after surgery for differentiated thyroid cancer in elderly women / 中华内分泌外科杂志

Objective:To investigate the level change of serum total n-terminal propeptide of type Ⅰ precollagen (t-PINP) /type Ⅰ collagen carboxy-terminal peptide (beta-CTX) ratio, 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-hydroxyvitamin D, 25 (OH) ) ratio, and 25-hydroxyvitamin D in elderly women with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) after surgery and its value in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis (OP) .Methods:From Jan. 2020 to May. 2021, 112 elderly female postoperative DTC patients treated with thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) suppression in Department of Endocrinology of Wenzhou Hospital of Integrative Medicine were collected for a prospective study, and the incidence of OP after 1 year of treatment was counted, and according to the incidence of OP, they were divided into incidence group ( n=78) and non-incidence group ( n=34). The general information, thyroid parameters [TSH, free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4) ], bone mineral density (BMD), and serum t-titrosine (BMD) were compared between the two groups. SPSS22.0 software was used, and the counting data was described by examples χ2 test. Grade data was expressed in u, Ridit test was used, measurement data was described in mean±standard deviation ( ±s), t test was used, Pearson correlation coefficient model was used to analyze postoperative thyroid index and serum t-PINP/β- Correlation between CTX ratio and 25 (OH) D level, and serum t-PINP after 1 year of treatment was analyzed through interaction/β- The role of CTX ratio and 25 (OH) D level in OP occurrence. Results:The incidence of OP after 1 year of TSH suppression treatment in 112 elderly female post-DTC patients in this study was 69.64% (78/112) ; serum TSH levels (0.63±0.19) mIU/ml after 1 year of treatment in patients who developed OP were lower than those in patients who did not develop OP (0.81±0.22) mIU/ml, and serum FT3 (6.15±1.71) pmol/ml and FT4 levels (24.63±4.28) pmol/ml were higher than those of patients without OP (4.32±1.29) pmol/ml and (20.36±3.70) pmol/ml ( t1=4.391, t2=5.581, t3=5.050,all P<0.05) .Serum t-PINP/β-CTX ratio (130.27±18.09) and 25 (OH) D level (20.18±4.15) ng/ml after 1 year of treatment in patients with OP were lower than those in patients without OP (148.56±20.37) and (23.36±4.36) ng/ml ( t1=4.733, t2=3.672, both P<0.05) ; serum TSH levels were positively correlated with serum t-PINP/β-CTX ratio and 25 (OH) D levels, and serum FT3 and FT4 levels were negatively correlated with serum t-PINP/β-CTX ratio and 25 (OH) D levels after 1 year of treatment in patients with OP ( P<0.05) ; low serum t-PINP/β-CTX ratio after 1 year of treatment expression, and low 25 (OH) D levels showed a positive interaction in OP occurrence in a superphase multiplicative model ( P<0.05) . Conclusion:Serum t-PINP/β-CTX ratio and 25 (OH) D level are closely associated with the occurrence of OP after DTC in elderly women, and postoperative monitoring can help prevent and treat OP.

Urinary Tract Infection in Elderly Women Patients Admitted in a Tertiary care hospital -A Case Series Study

Background: Urinary tract infection is a common infection among both genders there was higher prevalence among women probably due to the physiology of urinary tract in women. In addition, age is an important factor where elderly people with urinary devices like catheters are prone to the infection. Aims and Objectives: Study conducted to assess the clinical profile, predisposing factors, uropathogen profile causing Urinary tract infection in elderly women and to identify associated factors responsible for it. Methods: The study was conducted in, S Nijalingappa Medical College and HSK Hospital, Bagalkot, Karnataka and was conducted in the Department of Internal Medicine. Study period extended from December 2018 to May 2020. It was a study on elderly women patients (age>60 yr) with symptoms of UTI admitted in HSK hospital. Patients were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Total number of 65 patients were taken for the study. Results: In our study, UTI commonly witnessed in the age group was 60-69 years. Most common causative organism is E. Coli isolated in 47.7% cases. The average length of hospitalization was 8.65 ± 8.94 days. Most organisms are sensitive to Nitrofurantoin (43%). Conclusion: 1. Urinary tract infection is common infection among both genders there was higher prevalence among women, age is an important factor where elderly people with urinary devices like catheters are prone to the infection. 2. Diabetes enhances the incidence due to elevated blood sugar levels and has a significant role in the incidence of the infection. 3. As gram negative isolates shows drug resistance, prompt diagnosis and the right choice of antimicrobials can play a key role in reducing mortality in elderly UTI patients.

Visual Impairment and its causes among elderly women of rural area of Maharashtra

Introduction: Visual impairment (VI) is a public health challenge affecting over 285 million people worldwide, including 39 million blinds. The research both from India and other parts of the world has revealed that VI increases with increasing age. It is also estimated that people aged 50?years and older comprise 65% and 82% of the total visually impaired and blind, respectively. The study is conducted to estimate the prevalence of visual impairment and its causes among elderly women of rural areas. Material and Methods: This study is a Community Based Cross-sectional study carried out in the field practice area of the rural health training center of the Department of Community Medicine. All women (n=260) aged 60 years and above in the study area formed the study population were interviewed by the house-to-house survey. Statistical analysis was done by SPSS .17. Results: Total out of 260 women, 212(81.53%) women had visual impairment. Out of 212 visual impairment participants, causes of low vision were 80.18% cataract, 35.37% operated cataract, 10.37% pterygium, and 2.35% any eye injury or infection. Conclusion: Cataract is the main cause of low vision. Pterygium, eye injury, and infection also cause visual impairment.

Prevalence of Non-communicable Diseases among Elderly Women

Introduction: NCDs are one of the major challenges for public health in the 21st century, not only in terms of human suffering but also the harm to the socio-economic development of the country. As the elderly population is likely to increase in the future, and there is a definite shift in the disease pattern i.e., from communicable to non-communicable, it is high time that the health care system gears itself to growing health needs of the elderly in an optimal and comprehensive manner. To provide aid for effective implementation of NCD program by measuring the prevalence of NCD among elderly women with an objective to assess the prevalence of Non-communicable diseases (cardiovascular disease, stroke, cancer, and diabetes) among elderly women has been conducted. Material and Methods: Community-based cross-sectional study was carried out in the RHTC, Seloo All women (n=260) aged 60 years and above of six Anganwadi areas were interviewed by the house-to-house survey. Statistical analysis was done by SPSS.17. Results: 33.46% of elderly women belonged to the age group of 60-64 years, 78.85% of the elderly were illiterate. Among all elderly women, 30.38% had hypertension, 7.30% had diabetes, and Ischemic heart disease 1.15% and cancer 0.38% were found in study participants. Conclusion: Our study shows that diabetes and hypertension are more common among elderly women. The occupation had a significant association with diabetes.

Cathelicidin LL-37 level in presence and absence of vitamin D in cultured macrophages isolated from elderly women

@#Introduction: Vitamin D deficiency and frequent infections are the two common worldwide phenomenon among elderly. Recent studies have demonstrated that vitamin D regulates the expression of specific endogenous antimicrobial peptides like cathelicidin LL-37 of macrophages and neutrophils, which is active against a broad spectrum of infectious agents. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to determine the level of cathelicidin LL-37 in macrophages of elderly women (classified according to serum 25(OH)D level) after exposure to Vibrio cholera infection and to find out the effect of 1,25(OH)2D added in vitro. Methods: This study was conducted among 40 randomly selected rural elderly women aged between 60 to 70 years of age. Their vitamin D status was assessed by the estimation of serum 25(OH)D and classified into three groups viz. sufficient (14 members), insufficient (13 members), and deficient (13 members). Later, their peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were isolated and cultured from fresh blood. 1,25(OH)2D supplementation was given selectively at a dose of 10 ×10-8 M for 72 hours in the culture media; then exposed to infection and screened according to the objectives of this study. Results: Macrophages in all groups, except vitamin D deficient group, responded significantly in terms of LL-37 release during exposure to Vibrio cholera infection. Considering in vitro 1,25(OH)2D, supplementation responded significantly (p<0.05) in all three groups. Conclusion: Vitamin D can be used as a prophylaxis to enhance cathelicidin LL-37 release for all three groups as in the present study.

Knee extension strength and handgrip strength are important predictors of Timed Up and Go test performance among community-dwelling elderly women: a cross-sectional study

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Handgrip and knee extension strengths have each been used to characterize disability. However, it has been reported that the association between handgrip and knee extension strengths is weak. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the influence of knee extensor and handgrip muscle strength on Timed Up and Go (TUG) test results among elderly women with worse (≥ 10 seconds) and better (< 10 seconds) performance, after controlling for confounders. DATA AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study on a sample selected according to convenience, carried out in a federal public institution of higher education. METHODS: Assessment of handgrip was carried out using the Jamar dynamometer (Lafayette Instrument Company, Inc., Lafayette, United States). Knee extensor muscle performance was measured using an isokinetic dynamometer (Biodex System 3 Pro; Biodex Medical Systems, Inc., United States), The confounding factors were education, age, comorbidities, body mass index and Geriatric Depression Scale and Human Activity Profile scores. Functional performance was assessed through the TUG test. A backward linear regression model was used. RESULTS: 127 elderly women performed the TUG test in more than 10 seconds and 93 in less than 10 seconds. However, regardless of test performance, handgrip strength and knee extension strength comprised the reduced final model. CONCLUSIONS: Knee extension strength and handgrip strength might be particularly useful indicators for measuring disability.

Violência contra mulheres idosas em Manaus: do silêncio ao enfrentamento / Violence against elderly women in Manaus: from silence to coping

A violência contra a pessoa idosa é um grave problema mundial, cujas manifestações têm profundos impactos na saúde e na qualidade de vida dessas pessoas. Como problema sócio-histórico, a violência faz parte da história da humanidade e tem se manifestado de forma crescente contra mulheres, incluindo as idosas. O objetivo deste artigo é analisar as experiências sociais de mulheres idosas que sofreram violência e buscaram a rede de proteção, e a perspectiva dos profissionais que atuam nos serviços de atendimento à violência contra a pessoa idosa em Manaus. Os resultados apontam para a compreensão de violência associada à violência física predominantemente, seguida da violência verbal e moral, todas vivenciadas no âmbito das relações interpessoais. Apontam também para a necessidade de divulgar os instrumentos de proteção legal e capacitar melhor os profissionais para tratar as especificidades desse grupo

Violence against the elderly is a serious global problem, and its manifestations have profound impacts on the health and quality of life of these people. As a socio-historical problem, violence is part of the history of mankind and has increasingly manifested itself against women, including the elderly. The aim of this article is to analyze the social experiences of elderly women who have suffered violence and sought the State's safety net, as well as the perspective of professionals who work in social services that deal with violence against the elderly in Manaus ­ AM, Brazil. The results point to an understanding of violence associated predominantly with physical violence, followed by verbal and moral violence, all experienced within the scope of interpersonal relationships. Results also point to the need to disseminate legal protection instruments and to better train professionals to deal with the specificities of this group

Cuidados e o impacto da aparência estética na percepção social de um grupo de mulheres idosas / Care and the impact of aesthetic appearance on the social perception on a group of elderly women

Resumo Objetivo: descrever e explorar os cuidados e o impacto da aparência estética na percepção social de um grupo de mulheres idosas. Método: Estudo exploratório e descritivo, de cunho qualitativo, realizado por meio de um questionário sociodemográfico e uma entrevista semiestruturada, com 11 mulheres idosas, participantes de um grupo de convivência. O que emergiu das falas compôs o material para análise temática de conteúdo. Resultados: A extração em unidades temáticas permitiu a elaboração de duas categorias que se entrelaçam e complementam: Sentir-se bem é a palavra-chave e Cuidados com a aparência. Conclusão: nas percepções das participantes, cuidados e aparência possuem relação com a estética corporal, facial e capilar, geradores de autoestima, satisfação, felicidade, liberdade, bem-estar psíquico e bem-estar social e foram concebidos como meios eficazes de integração familiar, social e profissional, motivando-as para enfrentar as vicissitudes existenciais. Essa constatação está em consonância com a expressão da liberdade, do diálogo, da autodeterminação e autoconhecimento, do reconhecimento e da inserção social.

Abstract Objectives: Describe and explore the care and impact of the aesthetic appearance of a group of elderly women. Method: Exploratory and descriptive study, of a qualitative nature, carried out through a sociodemographic questionnaire and a semi-structured interview, with 11 elderly women, participants in a social group. What emerged from the speeches composed the material for thematic content analysis. Results: The extraction in thematic units allowed the elaboration of two categories that intertwine and complement each other: Feeling good is the key word and Care for appearance. Conclusion: in the participants' perceptions, care and appearance is related to body, facial and capillary aesthetics, generating self-esteem, satisfaction, happiness, freedom, psychological well-being and social well-being and was conceived as an effective means of family, social, and professional integration, motivating them to face the existential vicissitudes. This finding is in line with the expression of freedom, dialogue, self-determination and self-knowledge, recognition and social insertion.

Engajamento, aparência e significados: a performance de idosas brasileiras e espanholas / Engagement, appearance, and meanings: the performance of Brazilian and Spanish elderly / Envolvimiento, apariencia y significados: la actuación de mujeres mayores de Brasil y España

O artigo apresenta uma caracterização, e comparação etnográfica, sobre a relação entre engajamento social, construção da aparência e significados entre longevas brasileiras e espanholas, de baixas renda e escolaridade. Constatou-se mais semelhanças que diferenças entre os grupos. De modo geral, a aparência e seus significados eram organizados e relacionados de acordo com a ocasião, ambiente e agentes envolvidos. Concluiu-se que há uma interdependência entre engajamento social, aparência e significados.

The article presents an ethnographic characterization and comparison on the relationship between social engagement, appearance, and meanings among Brazilian and Spanish elderly women with low income and level of education. It was found more similarities than differences among the groups. In general, appearance and its meanings were organized and related according to the occasion, environment, and agents involved. It was concluded that there is an interdependence between social engagement, appearance, and meanings.

El artículo presenta una caracterización y comparación etnográfica acerca de la relación entre envolvimiento social, construcción de la apariencia y significados entre mujeres mayores de Brasil y España, de bajos ingresos y escolaridad. Se notó más semejanzas que diferencias entre los grupos. De modo general, la apariencia y sus significados eran ordenados y relacionados según la ocasión, ambiente y agentes envueltos. Se concluyó que hay una interdependencia entre envolvimiento social, apariencia y significados.

Envelhecimento, aparência e significados: o consumo de idosas do Brasil e da Espanha / Aging, appearance, and meanings: the consumption of Brazilian and Spanish old women / Envejecimiento, apariencia y significados: el consumo de mujeres mayores de Brasil y España

A artigo apresenta uma caracterização, e comparação, das ações de consumo para a aparência entre mulheres idosas do Brasil e da Espanha. Mesmo em um cenário de baixos recursos financeiros, ambos os grupos usufruíam de diferentes modalidades de consumo com autonomia. Suas aquisições tinham em vista o desejo de sentir-se bonita, atraente e interessante. Os principais significados envolvidos foram afeto, consideração, respeito e sacrifício. Houve insatisfação quanto à oferta de produtos a esse segmento.

The article presents a characterization and comparison of consumption actions for personal appearance among elderly women from Brazil and Spain. Even in a scenario of low financial resources, both groups enjoyed different forms of consumption with autonomy. Their acquisitions were aimed at the desire to feel beautiful, attractive and interesting. The main meanings involved were affection, consideration, respect, and sacrifice. There was dissatisfaction with the offer of products to this segment.

El artículo presenta una caracterización y comparación del consumo destinado a la apariencia de mujeres mayores de Brasil y España. Aunque en un escenario de bajos recursos financieros, los dos grupos disfrutaban de distintas modalidades de consumo y con autonomía. Sus adquisiciones tenían en cuenta el deseo de sentirse guapa, atractiva e interesante. Los principales significados relacionados fueron el afecto, la consideración, el respeto y sacrificio. Se notó una insatisfacción en cuanto a la oferta de productos a ese segmento de edad.

Effect of reminiscence group therapy on depression, self-esteem and loneliness among elderly women residing in old age home

Background: Elderly women residing in old age home requires greater adaptability. Prevalence of depression, low self-esteem and feelings of loneliness are more among them. RGT has proven as a most effective alternative intervention especially for elderly at minimizing these above outcomes. Therefore, the present study assessed the effect of RGT on depression, self-esteem and loneliness among elderly women residing in old age home.Methods: Quantitative Research approach and quasi- experimental design was adopted. A total of 50 elderly women aged ³60yrs residing in Nirmal Hriday, Missionaries of charity old age home, Bhubaneswar were selected for experimental (N=25) and control (N=25) group by using purposive sampling. Baseline data were collected by using Socio demographic data Performa, Geriatric depression scale, Rosenberg self-esteem scale and UCLA loneliness scale after getting written informed consent from each participant. Total 3 biweekly reminiscence sessions for 45 minutes was held by dividing the experimental group into 4 groups.Results: Analysis revealed that after RGT, the experimental group showed that level of depression was decreased (before intervention 10.08±1.41 and after intervention 6.36±1.38), self-esteem was improved (before intervention 23.4±2.69 and after intervention 29.56±2.58) and loneliness was reduced (before intervention 36.92±4.57 and after intervention 20.96±5.09) significantly. There was a statistically significant difference found in depression, self-esteem and loneliness scores among experimental group as compared to control group (p<0.0001).Conclusions: On the findings of the study it was concluded that RGT yielded positive effects among elderly women residing in old age home.

Maternal and neonatal outcome in pregnancy at 40 years and beyond in a tertiary care center: a retrospective case control study

Background: Obstetric outcome in women with advanced maternal age (AMA) is not usually studied especially in India.Methods: This study was a case control study. The cases were pregnancy in 100 women at 40 years of age and beyond and there were two control arms of 100 each of ages 20-29 years and 30-39 years. The demography, maternal complications, delivery outcomes and neonatal outcomes were compared.Results: Women with AMA were mostly multiparous and had higher Body Mass Index (BMI). Hypertensive disease in pregnancy was more common in AMA but the difference was statistically significant. Women with AMA were more likely to have gestational diabetes (p ≤0.011), more likely to have anemia (p=0.038), more likely to have preterm birth (p=0.001), other medical complications compare to the control group (p=0.005). They were also more likely to have Lower Segment Caesarean Section (LSCS) (p ≤0.001) and have postpartum complications. The birth weight of the neonate was significantly decreased in the AMA group (p <0.001). The neonates were also more likely to be admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) (p ≤0.006).Conclusions: Adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes were seen despite individualized and optimal obstetric care. Thus, these women need preconceptional counselling.

Treinamento resistido em mulheres idosas na produção científica: uma pesquisa bibliométrica / Resistance training in elderly women in scientific production: a bibliometric research

Objetivo: foi realizar uma investigação bibliométrica na literatura sobre o tema do treinamento resistido em mulheres idosas. Metodologia: utilizou a bibliometria para as análises das seguintes variáveis: ano de publicação; autores com mais publicações; instituição de vínculo do autor; país da instituição de vínculo do autor; título do periódico e o fator de impacto (JCR 2017) dos periódicos. Foram utilizadas quatro bases de dados para a busca na literatura científica e técnica, com as palavras-chave "Older Women" e "Resistance Training", limitando o ano (2012-2016) e obrigatoriamente artigos científicos publicados na íntegra. Após a exclusão das duplicações, foram totalizados 152 artigos científicos para a análise quantitativa. Resultados: a Scopus retornou 107 artigos científicos, a Web of Science ­ 79, a Pubmed ­ 82 e a SciELO ­ 8. Os periódicos com mais publicações quantificadas em cada base de dados foram: o Experimental Gerontology (Scopus); Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research e Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise (Web of Science); Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research (Pubmed); e as Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte e a Revista Brasileira de Cineantropometria & Desempenho Humano (SciELO). Os autores Cyrino, E. S., da Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Brasil e a Liu- -Ambrose, T., da University of British Columbia, Canadá, foram os pesquisadores com maior produtividade, com 15 e 11 publicações, respectivamente. Conclusão: conclui-se que o Brasil foi o país de destaque nas publicações referentes ao treinamento resistido em idosas no quinquênio (2012-2016). Já a instituição destaque foi a Universidade Estadual de Londrina, localizada no Norte e no interior do estado do Paraná, tendo como líder o pesquisador Cyrino, E. S. (AU)

Objective: to carry out a bibliometric investigation in the literature on the subject of resistance training in elderly women. Methodology: we used bibliometrics in order to analyze the following variables: year of publication; authors with more publications; author's institution; country of the author's institution; title of the journal and the impact factor (JCR 2017). Four databases were used to search the scientific and technical literature, using the keywords: "Older Women" and "Resistance Training", publication dates (2012 to 2016) and full-text scientific articles published. After the duplication papers exclusion, a total of 152 scientific articles were included for the quantitative analysis. Results: Scopus returned 107 articles, Web of Science ­ 79, Pubmed ­ 82 and SciELO ­ 8. The journals with the most publications quantified in each database were: the Experimental Gerontology (Scopus); Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research and Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise (Web of Science); Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research (Pubmed); and the Brazilian Journal of Sports Medicine and the Brazilian Journal of Cineanthropometry & Human Performance (SciELO). The authors Cyrino, E. S., State University of Londrina, Brazil and Liu-Ambrose, T., University of British Columbia, Canada, were the most productive researchers with 15 and 11 publications, respectively. Conclusion: it was concluded that Brazil was the leading country in the scientific publication regarding resistance training in elderly women in the five-year period (2012 to 2016). The main institution was the State University of Londrina, located on Paraná state, with the Cyrino, E. S. the most productive researcher. It is important to mention the great contribution of researcher Liu-Ambrose. (AU)

The Effect of Health Promotion Program on the Frailty of Rural Elderly Women Implemented at Primary Health Care Posts / 農村醫學 地域保健

OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to examine the effects of a health promotion program on the health condition of rural elderly women implemented at primary health care posts using Korean Frailty Index. METHODS: The research was designed a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest setting. The participants in this study were 50 residents (intervention group: 25, control group: 25) selected from 4 villages 2 primary health care posts in J city Gyeongsangnam-do. The health promotion program was conducted at the primary health care posts twice a week for 12 weeks. This program consisted of basic exercises(Gukseondo + Theraband muscle strength training) and additional activities(including modified Theraband activity, rubber ball exercise, ball massage, nutrition class, singing class). Collected data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, paired t-test, and repeated measures ANOVA with SPSS 21.0. RESULTS: Results of the health promotion program showed that the health conditions(measured by perceived health status, frailty score, upper/lower flexibility, maximum grip strength, dynamic balance test Timed Up and Go) of the experimental group(25) all statistical significantly improved. CONCLUSION: Study findings indicate that the health promotion program implemented at primary health care posts on rural elderly women is effective and can contribute to a developed health promotion program for local residents in the future.

Opportunistic screening for cervical cancer in elderly women aged≥65 years / 中华健康管理学杂志

Objective To investigate the role and significance of opportunistic screening in cervical cancer screening for elderly women aged≥65 years old. Methods The screening data of 1 304 elderly women (≥65 years old) who underwent opportunistic screening for cervical cancer at the Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, between January 1, 2010, and December 31 st, 2018, were analyzed retrospectively. Women who underwent cervical cytology tests and human papillomavirus (HPV) testing were divided into two groups according to age as following 65-69 and ≥70 years old. Women with abnormal cytology or who were hrHPV-positive were followed up. The cervical cytological abnormalities and high-risk HPV infection rates in women aged≥65 years in opportunistic screening were analyzed. Results Of all cases, 175 had abnormal cytology or were hrHPV-positive. Among the 1 304 women, 69 were TCT-positive, with a positivity rate of 5.3%, including 17 cases (24.6%) of high-degree squamous intraepithelial neoplasia and 3 cases (4.4%) of squamous cell carcinoma. The total abnormality rate of TCT in the 65-to 69-year age group (6.7%, 43 cases) was significantly higher than that in the≥70 age group (3.9%, 26 cases), and the difference was statistically significant between the two groups (P=0.024). The overall prevalence of hrHPV infection was 10.7% (139/1 304). HPV58 (31/174, 17.9%) was identified as the most common high-risk HPV type, followed by HPV16, HPV52, HPV33, and HPV31. Follow-up showed that 50.3% of the women had never been screened in the past 10 years, and no statistically significant difference in TCT abnormality and hrHPV infection positivity rate were found between those who had been screened (80 cases) and those who had not been screened at least once in 5 years (87 cases) (P>0.05). Conclusion Attention should be paid to the screening for cervical cancer in elderly women aged ≥65 years old. Opportunistic screening is a supplement to the population-based organized cervical cancer screening. The termination age of cervical cancer screening for elderly women may be appropriately extended.

Analysis of cervical cancer screening results in women aged 50 and older in Beijing and Guizhou / 中华肿瘤杂志

Objective@#To analyze the screening results of cervical cancer in elderly women in Beijing and Guizhou. To compare the screening effectiveness of cervical cancer in elderly women in different areas.@*Methods@#A retrospective analysis was performed on the screening data of elderly women (≥50 years) who had examination at cervical lesion clinic in Peking University People′s Hospital and Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University from January 2013 to January 2014, with histopathology as the gold standard, to compare screening effectiveness of cervical cytology or HPV detection for elderly women in cervical cancer screening in the two regions.@*Results@#Among the patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 and above (CIN2 + ) detected by colposcopy in Peking University People′s Hospital and Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, 44.1% (82/186) and 57.0% (98/172) were women aged 50 and older. In Beijing group 39.0% (32/82) of CIN2 + patients had clinical symptoms, which in Guizhou group was 31.6% (31/98). In Beijing group and Guizhou group, 50.0% (19/38) and 73.2% (30/41) patients with cervical cancer had never been screened, respectively. In Beijing group and Guizhou group, 5.4% (4/74) and 19.2% (10/52) of the patients with CIN2 + had cervical cytology negative for intraepithelial lesion or malignancy (NILM), respectively (P=0.015). The cervical cytology showed atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US) in 10.2% (13/127) and 24.6% (14/57), respectively, with significant difference (P=0.01). The cervical cytology showed low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL) in 14.9% (11/74) and 37.5% (6/16) with no significant difference (P=0.08). Atypical squamous cells cannot exclude high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (ASC-H) were 41.7% (5/12) and 71.4% (20/28) with no statistically significant difference (P=0.15). High-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) were 78.9% (15/19) and 86.4% (19/22) with no significant difference (P=0.83). In cases with HPV detection information, the sensitivity of CIN2+ diagnosis by high-risk HPV detection in Beijing group and Guizhou group was 95.2% (40/42) and 73.6% (39/53) that was statistically significant (P<0.05).@*Conclusions@#In both Beijing and Guizhou, the incidence of CIN2+ in elderly women is at a relatively high level. There were differences in the detection of CIN2+ by cervical cytology or HPV detection in Beijing and Guizhou.

Influence of Common Exercise Methods on Static Balance Ability in Elderly Women / 医用生物力学

Objective To explore the differences in the static balance ability of elderly women performing Tai Chi, square dance, and fitness walking as long-term exercises. Methods A total of 128 healthy elderly women were selected as the subjects. The subjects were classified into the Tai Chi, square dance, fitness walking, and control groups based on their daily main fitness items. The average swing speed (avg.v) of the subjects, swing angle, outer area (area), and total length of the swing (TL) were measured by a balance tester during double-feet standing with eyes closed and right-foot standing with eyes opened, and the test time was 10 s. Results There were significant differences in the values of each balance index of the Tai Chi, square dance, fitness walking, and control groups during double-feet standing with eyes closed and right-foot standing with eyes opened(P<0.05). There were significant differences in the avg.v, TL, and area index values of the Tai Chi and square dance groups (P<0.05) in case of right-foot standing with eyes opened. In both the states,the four balance indices of the Tai Chi group were significantly smaller than those of the fitness walking group (P<0.05).There were significant differences in the area, TL, and avg.v index values of the square dance and fitness walking groups (P<0.05) for the right-foot standing with eyes opened. Conclusions The static balance abilities of elderly women performing Tai Chi, square dance, and fitness walking over a long term were better than those in the absence of regular exercises. The elderly women associated with long-term Tai Chi exercises exhibited a better static balance ability than those performing square dance and fitness walking exercises, and elderly women associated with long-term square dance exercises showed a better static balance ability than those with fitness walking exercises.

Effect of corpus luteum blood flow measured by three-dimensional power Doppler ultrasound on pregnancy in elderly women / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

Objective To explore the effect of corpus luteum blood flow measured by three-dimensional power Doppler ultrasound on pregnancy in elderly women.Methods We selected 464 elderly women with normal ovulation who came to the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University from January 2016 to July 2017 as study group.Another 436 women aged less than 35 years old who planned pregnancy in the same period were selected as control group.The clinical data were compared between the two groups.Results There was no significant difference in average diameter of dominant follicles and endometrial thickness at each monitoring point between the two groups (P＞0.05).There was no significant difference in corpus luteum blood flow grade 1 day after ovulation (P＞0.05),but corpus luteum blood flow grade 7 to 9 days after ovulation in study group was significantly reduced as compared with control group (P＜0.05).The two groups did not differ significantly in corpus luteum volume (V)or vascular parameters 1 day after ovulation,corpus luteum V 7-9 days after ovulation (P＞0.05).However,luteum vascularization index (VI),flow index (FI)and vascularization flow index (VFI) significantly decreased in study group compared with control group (P＜0.05).Biochemical pregnancy rate and clinical pregnancy rate were 1 6 .3 8% and 9 .05 % in study group ,which were significantly lower than 2 3 .1 7 % and 19.04% in control group,respectively (P＜0.05).Miscarriage rate of biochemical pregnancy in study group was 7. 33%,significantly higher than 4.13% in control group (P＜0.05).Corpus luteum V and vascular parameters in women with biochemical pregnancy abortion in both groups were significantly lower than those with clinical pregnancy (P＜0.05).Conclusion The decreased of blood supply of the corpus luteum in embryo implantation window of elderly women may be related to the reduction of endometrial receptivity and pregnancy rate.Regardless of old age,biochemical pregnancy abortion is likely to lead to loss of corpus luteum blood supply,which results in pregnancy failure.

Asociación entre índices antropométricos de salud y condición física en mujeres mayores físicamente activas / Association between health anthropometric indexes with physical fitness in physically active elderly women

Resumen: Objetivo: Asociar los índices antropométricos de salud con la condición física de las mujeres mayores (MM) que participan en talleres de ejercicio físico. Material y métodos: Participaron 272 mujeres chilenas mayores de 60 años. Las variables correspondieron al IMC, perímetro de cintura (PC), índice cintura estatura (ICE) y condición física (CF). Se realizaron correlaciones a través del coeficiente de Pearson o Spearman, y asociaciones bivariadas mediante ji cuadrada de Pearson y el test exacto de Fisher, considerando un p<0.05. Resultados: De las MM, 70.8% alcanzó sobrepeso u obesidad; y 68.8% y 96% riesgo cardiometabólico de acuerdo con PC e ICE, respectivamente. Su CF presentó un rendimiento igual (53.5%) o superior (33.8%) según su edad y sexo. Se encontraron correlaciones inversas entre estado nutricional y riesgo cardiometabólico con las pruebas de CF (excepto la agilidad y equilibrio dinámico, en donde la relación fue directa), y asociación directa con juntar manos. Conclusiones: El exceso de peso en MM físicamente activas no afecta su rendimiento físico-funcional; sin embargo, el riesgo cardiometabólico se asocia inversamente con la funcionalidad motriz.

Abstract: Objective: To associate health anthropometric indexes with physical fitness of elderly women (EW) who participate in physical exercise workshops. Materials and methods: 272 Chilean women over 60 years took part in the study. The variables studied were BMI, waist circumference (WC), waist-height index (WHI) and physical fitness (PF). Correlations were made through the Pearson or Spearman coefficient, and bivariate associations using Pearson's Chi-square and the Fisher's exact test, considering p<0.05. Results: 70.8% of the EW were overweight or obese; 68.8% and 96% were at cardiometabolic risk due to their WC and WHI, respectively. Their PF showed equal performance (53.5%) or higher (33.8%) according to their age and gender. Inverse correlations were found between nutritional status and cardiometabolic risk with PF tests (except for agility and dynamic balance [direct]), and direct association with back scratch test. Conclusions: Excess weight in physically active EW would not affect their physical-functional performance; however, cardiometabolic risk would be inversely associated with motor function.